精华学校英语高中语法_精英英语高中英语语法考点大全
跪求高中英语必修1到必修4中的语法知识点
Note: 可以表示接电话、应门等。如:answer the phone/door.动词、直接引语和间接引语、定语从句、被动语态、情态动词、名词性从句、主语和谓语动词的一致、动词-ing形式、构词法
精华学校英语高中语法_精英英语高中英语语法考点大全
精华学校英语高中语法_精英英语高中英语语法考点大全
一.直接引语2)宾语从句后如有宾补,要用形式宾语it来代替,而把宾语从句移至宾补之后。和间接引语
二.各种时态的被动语态
三·短语动词的辨析
踏实,但要快乐,心情重要,我只要天天快快乐乐,学习就好些,切忌浮躁 .
求高中英语疑问句的全语法点
方法一:用关系代词,还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语,就必须要求用关系代词;而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。例如:疑问词(+名词)+一般疑问句。例如:回答:英语疑问句归纳如下:
1.一般疑问句:
助动词、be动词、情态动词、he(有)动词+主语+其他成分。 例如:
Do you oke? Can you swim? Are you a nurse? (英)He you / (美)Do you he a car?
2. 特殊疑问句:
疑问词(+名词)+谓语。例如:
Who is ill? Whose books are lost?
How much money got lost?
When will you go? Which class are you in?
3. 选择疑问句:
一般疑问句+or+要选部分。例如:
Do you speak English or French?
Will you lee or keep staying here?
4. 反意疑问句:
陈述句+附加疑问句(前肯后否,前否后肯)。例如:
You are leing today, aren't you?
He didn't know it, did he?
He can swim, can't he?
高中英语必须掌握的语法有多少种
高中英语语法关键
高中部分:
1.过去将来时
2.过去完成时
3.被动语态
4.直接引语和间接引语
5.定语从句
6.情D what r态动词
7.动词的-ing分词及-ed分词
14.构词法8.不定式
9.主语和谓语的一致
10.名词性从句
11.省略
12.倒装
13.状语从句
先要好好记单词,背语法,多做题,多问老师,好好听课
请问高中英语的语法都应该掌握哪些?其中哪些是重点?
The reason why so many people died there is that there were not enough food supplies.要总结高中语法,一定要从句子成分和简单句的五种基本句型来看起来。
建议:
1.简单句5种基本句型和句子成分的概念
2.时态(要求整理基本的8种时态的用法和构成)
3.定语从句
4.名词性从句
5.非谓语动词
(1) 表示过去某时所发生的动作或存在的状态。如:6.虚拟语气
7.倒装结构
8.情态动词
牛津高中英语所有模块的语法详细的归纳与整理
They are going to play basketball next week.在英语句子里,谓语受主语支配,其动词必须和主语在人称和数上保持一致,这就叫主谓一致。寻其规律,大致可归纳为三个原则,即语法一致、逻辑意义一致和就近一致原则。 (一)语法一致原则:语法上一致就是谓语动词和主语在单、复数形式上保持一致。 1、以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数形式;主语为复数时,谓语动词用复数形式。如:His father is working on the farm. / To study English well is not easy. / What he said is very important for us all. / The children were in the classroom two hours ago. / Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes. 注意:由what的主语从句,后面的谓语动词多数情况用单数形式,但若表语是复数或what从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构时,主句的谓语动词用复数形式。如:What I bought were three English books. / What I say and do is (are) ful to you. 2、由连接词and或both … and连接起来的合成主语后面,要用复数形式的谓语动词。如:Lucy and Lily are twins. / She and I are ctes. / The boy and the girl were surprised when they heard the news. / Both she and he are Young Pioneers. 注意:① 若and所连接的两个词是指同一个人或物时,它后面的谓语动词就应用单数形式。如:The writer and artist has come.; / ② 由and连接的并列单数主语前如果分别有no, each, ry more than a (an) , many a (an)修饰时,其谓语动词要用单数形式。如:Every student and ry teacher was in the room.. / No boy and no girl likes it. 3、主语为单数名词或代词,尽管后面跟有with, toger with, except, but, like, as well as, rather than, more than, no less than, besides, including等引起的短语,谓语动词仍用单数形式;若主语为复数,谓语用复数形式。如:Mr Green, toger with his wife and children, has come to China. / Nobody but Jim and Mike was on the playground. / She, like you and Tom, is very tall. 4、either, neither, each, ry 或no +单数名词和由some, any, no, ry构成的复合不定代词,都作单数看待。如:Each of us has a new book. / Everything around us is matter. 注意:① 在口语中当either或neither后跟有“of+复数名词(或代词)”作主语时,其谓语动词也可用复数。如:Neither of the texts is (are) interesting. ② 若none of后面的名词是不可数名词,它的谓语动词就要用单数;若它后面的名词是复数,它的谓语动词用单数或复数都可以。如:None of us has (he) been to America. 5、在定语从句时,关系代词that, who, which等作主语时,其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。如:He is one of my friends who are working hard. / He is the only one of my friends who is working hard. 6、如果集体名词指的是整个集体,它的谓语动词用单数;如果它指集体的成员,其谓语动词就用复数形式。这些词有family, class, crowd, committee, population, audience等。如:Class Four is on the third floor. / Class Four are unable to agree upon a monitor. 注意:people, pol, cattle等名词一般都用作复数。如:The pol are looking for the lost child. 7、由“a lot of, lots of, plenty of, the rest of, the majority of + 名词”构成的短语以及由“分数或百分数+名词”构成的短语作主语,其谓语动词的数要根据短语中后面名词的数而定。如:There are a lot of people in the classroom. / The rest of the lecture is wonderful. / 50% of the students in our class are girls. 注意: a number of“许多”,作定语修饰复数名词,谓语用复数;the number of“…的数量”,主语是number,谓语用单数。 8、在倒装句中,谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致。如:There comes the bus./ On the wall are many pictures. / Such is the result. / Such are the facts. (二)逻辑意义一致原则:逻辑意义一致就是谓语动词的数必须和主语的意义一致(因有时主语形式为单数,但意义为复数;有时形式为复数,但意义为单数)。 1、what, who, which, any, more, all等代词可以是单数,也可是复数,主要靠意思来决定。如:Which is your bag? / Which are your bags? / All is going well. / All he gone to Beijing. 2、表示“时间、重量、长度、价值”等的名词的复数作主语时,谓语动词通常用单数形式, 这是由于作主语的名词在概念上是一个整体,如:Thirty minutes is enough for the work. 3、若英语是书名、片名、格言、剧名、报名、国名等的复数形式,其谓语动词通常用单数形式。如: “The Arabian Nights”is an interesting story-book. 4、表数量的短语“one and a half”后接复数名词作主语时,其谓语动词可用单数形式(也可用复数。如:One and a half apples is (are) left on the table. 5、算式中表示数目(字)的主语通常作单数看待,其谓语动词采用单数形式。如:Twelve plus eight is twenty. / Fifty-six divided by eight is sn. 6、一些学科名词是以 –ics 结尾,如:mathematics, politics, physics 以及news, works等,都属于形式上是复数的名词,实际意义为单数名词,它们作主语时,其谓语动词要用单数形式。如:The works was built in 1990. / I think physics isn’t easy to study. 7、trousers, glasses, clothes, shoes, 等词作主语时,谓语用复数,但如果这些名词前有a (the) pair of等量词修饰时,谓语动词用单数。如:My glasses are broken. / The pair of shoes under the bed is his. 8、“定冠词the + 形容词或分词”,表示某一类人时,动词用复数。 (三)就近一致原则:在英语句子中,有时谓语动词的人称和数与近的主语保持一致。 1、当两个主语由either … or, neither … nor, wher … or …, not only … but also连接时,谓语动词和邻近的主语一致。如:Either the teacher or the students are our friends. / Neither they nor he is wholly right. / Is neither he nor they wholly right? 2、there be句型be动词单复数取决于其后的主语。如果其后是由and连接的两个主语,则应与靠近的那个主语保持一致。如:There are two chairs and a desk in the room..注意:Here的句子用法同上。 语法经典练习:1.I, who____ your friend, will try my best to you with your English.A.am B.is C.are D.be2. The rich ____ not always happy.A.are B.is C.has D.he3. Neither Tom nor Jack and I ____ his students.A.are B.am C.is D.was4. Mary as well as her sisters ____ Chinese in China.A. are studying B. he studied C. studies D. study5. Neither my father nor I ____ at home.A.am B.is C.are D.be6. Not only my brother but also I ____ good at painting. Both of us ____ good painters.,A.are;are B.am;am C.ani;are D.is;is7. Every' boy and ry girl ____ to attend the ning party.A.wish B.wishes C.is like D.like8. Over 80 percent of the population of China ____ peasants.A.was B.is C. would be D.are9. The population of China ____ larger than that of .any other country in the world.A.is B.are C.has D.he10. Every means ____ tried but without any result.A. he been B.is to be C.are to be D. has been11. Al, toger with two boys,____ for hing broken the rule.A. was punished B. punished C. were punished D. being punished12. The League secretary and the monitor____ asked to attend the .meeting this afternoon.A.is B.was C.are D.is being13. The great writer and professor____.A. is an old man B. are both old menC. is an old man and a young man D. were two Chinese14. There ____ a pen, two pencils and three books on the desk.A.are B.is C.has D.he15. A large number of students in our class____ girls.A. are B. was C. is D. be16. The number of deer, mountain lions and wild roses ____ much if people lee things as they are.A. doesn' t change B.don't change C.change D.changed17. The Arabian Nights ____ well known to the English.A. is B. are C. was D. were18. Chairman Mao' s works ____ published.A. has been B.he been C.was D.is19. A chemical works____ built there.A. is to being B.he been C. were to D.has been20. The Olympic Games ____ held ry ____ years.A.is;four B.are;four C.is;five D.are;five21 .The United States of America one of the most dloped countries in the world.A.is B.are C.was D.were22.He is the only one of die students who ____ elected.A. are B.he C.has D.is23.Theis is one of the most interesting questions that ____ asked.A.he B.has C. he been D.has been24.Many a man ____ come to us.A.he B.has C.is D.are25."All____ present and all____ going on well," our monitor said.A.is;is B.are;are C.are;is D.is;are26. The pol ____ the murderer rywhere when he suddenly appeared in a theatre.A. is searching for B. were searching forC. are searching for D. were searching27.Your trousers____ dirty.You must he____ washed.A.is;il B.are;it C.are;them D.is;them28.This pair of trouseis ____ too long for him.A.is B.be C.are D.were29. One and a half bananas ____ left on the table.A.is B.are C.has D.he30. Eight times eight ____ sixty - four.A.is B.are C.get D.equal Keys:1~5 AAACA 6~10 CBDAD 11~15 ACABA 16~20 AABDB 21~25 ADCBC 26~30 BCAAA 31~35 ACAAB 36~40 CABBA 41~45 BCCCA 46~50 ADBBC
定语从句的连接词:高中英语知识点重点单词总结(整理版)
在日复一日的学习中,不管我们学什么,都需要掌握一些知识点,知识点就是一些常考的内容,或者考试经常出题的地方。掌握知识点有助于大家更好的学习。下面是我精心整理的高中英语知识点重点单词总结(整理版),供大家参考借鉴,希望可以帮助到有需要的朋友。
1.able 用法:be able to do
Note: 反义词unable表示不能,而disabled表示残疾的。
be able to do可以表示经过艰难困苦才能做到的事。
2.abroadThe news came that their team had won the championship. 用法:表示到(在)国外,是一个副词,前面不加介词。
Note: 可以说from abroad, 表示从国外回来。
3.admit 用法:表示承认的时候后面要加上动名词形式。
Note: 表示允许进入的时候与介词to搭配。
4.aise 用法:aise . to do; aise doing
Note: 后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气。即:aise that . (should) do的形式。
5.afford 用法:通常与动词不定式搭配使用。
Note: 前面需要有be able to或can等词。
6.after 用法:表示在时间、空间之后;be after表示追寻。
Note: 用在将来时的时候后面接一时间点,而in接一个时间段,如:after 3 o’clock; in 3 days.
7.agree 用法:与介词on, to, with及动词不定式搭配。
Note: agree on表示达成一致;agree to表示批准;agree with表示同意某人说的话。
8.alive 用法:表语性形容词,在句中只能作表语,不能作定语。
9.allow 用法:allow doing; allow . to do
Note: 可以表示允许进入,如:Please allow me in.
10.among 用法:用在三者或三者以上的群体中。
Note: 还可以表示其中之一,如:He is among the best.
11.and 用法:用于连接两个词、短语、句子或其他相同结构。
Note: 与祈使句搭配时往往可以表示条件。如:Work hard, and you’ll succeed sooner or later.
12.another 用法:表示又一个,泛指,相当于one more的含义。
Note: 不能直接加复数名词,需要与一个数词搭配,如:another 2 weeks.
13.answer 用法:及物动词,但在作名词时要与介词to搭配。
14.anxious 用法:be anxious for/about/to do
15.appear 用法:不及物动词,没有宾语,没有被动语态。
Note: 还可以作为系动词,与seem同义,表示看起来……。
16.arrive 用法:arrive at表示到一个小地方;arrive in表示到一个大地方。 Note: 引申含义表示得出,如:arrive at a decision/conclusion.
17.ask 用法:ask to do; ask . to do; ask for
Note: 后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气。即:ask that . (should) do的形式。
18.asleep 用法:表语性形容词,在句中只能作表语,不能作定语。
Note: 通常与动词be及fall搭配;sound asleep表示熟睡。
19.attend 用法:表示参加,后面经常加上meeting, lecture, conference, class, school, wedding, funeral等词;也可以表示照顾,照料。
Note: attend to可以表示处理、照料等。
20.attention 用法:pay attention to; draw/catch ’s attention
Note: 写通知时的常用语:May I he your attention, please
21.beat 用法:表示打败某人,或连续不断地击打某物。
Note: heartbeat表示心跳。
22.because 用法:后面接原因状语从句,because of后面接名词。
Note: because表示直接原因,因此只有用它才可以回答why的特殊疑问句及用在强调句中。
23.become 用法:系动词,表示变得……。可以由好变坏或由坏变好。
Note: become of .表示某人发生了什么事情。
24.before 用法:before long, long before, the day before yesterday, the week / year before last 上上周/前年
Note: It be + 段时间 before…在该句型中,主句时态只有将来时态和一般过去时态。
25.begin 用法:begin to do; begin doing
Note: 当begin本身是进行时的时候,只能用begin to do的形式。如:It was beginning to rain.
26.beli 用法:beli .表示相信某人说的话;beli in .表示信任;6123结构。
Note: 回答问句时通常用I beli so/not的形式。
27.besides 用法:表示除……之外还有,包含在一个整体之中。
Note: 还可以用作副词,表示此外,要用逗号隔开。
28.beyond 用法:表示越过、在另一边,如:beyond the wood/bridge.
Note: 可以用于引申含义,表示超出……,如:beyond control/power/description.
29.bit 用法:与a little一样可以修饰不可数名词,形容词或副词。
Note: 修饰名词时要用a bit of;not a bit表示一点也不。
30.blame 用法:take/bear the blame; blame sth. on. .
Note: 表示应受到责怪时不用被动语态,如:He is to blame.
31.blow 用法:blow down/away
Note: 表示风刮得很大时要用blow hard.
Note: boiling point可以表示沸点。
33.borrow 用法:borrow表示借入:lend表示借出。
Note: 点动词,不能表示借的时间长短。
34.breath 用法:hold one’s breath;out of breath; se one’s breath
Note: take a breath表示深吸一口气;take breath表示喘口气。
35.burn 用法:burn down/up/one’s hand
Note: burning表示点着的;burnt表示烧坏的。
36.business 用法:on business表示出;in/out of business表示开/关张。 Note: 表示商业时不可数,表示具体的行业时可数。
37.busy 用法:be busy with/doing.
Note: 不能说My work is busy. 应说I am busy with my work.
38.buy 用法:buy sth. for 5 dollars; buy sth. for .
Note: 点动词,不能表示买的时间长短。
39.but 用法:not…but.. but for next but one , he no cho bu to do sth., all but 几乎,一点
Note: do nothing but do sth. nothing前有do,后面的to要省略。Not only… but also…的并列句,前倒后不倒。cannot / choose but do sth. 不能不,只能
40.by 用法:by accident, by air/ sea/ train, by and by, by far, by force, by mistake, by chance, by the way
Note: by way of 取道,经由。by reason of 由于。by 的时间状语一般句子用完成时态。
41.care 用法:take care of; with care; care for/about
Note: care about表示在乎,常用于否定句;care for表示关心,喜爱,常用于肯定句。
42.carry 用法:carry表示搬运;carry on表示进行;坚持下去;carry out表示执行。
Note: carry没有方向性,可以表示随身携带。
43.case 用法:in case; in case of; in any case; in this/that case
Note: in case后面的状语从句可以用虚拟语气,即in case . should do的形式。
44.catch 用法:catch the thief; catch fire; catch a cold; catch up with
Note: be caught表示陷入困境,如:He was caught in the rain.
45.cattle 用法:名词,动词要用复数形式。如:Cattle are raised here. Note: 一头牛可以用a head of cattle. 注意十头牛用ten head of cattle。
高中英语部分语法整理
一、判断关系代词与关系副词
ThisisthemountainvillagewhereIstayedlastyear.
I'llnrforgetthedayswhenIworkedtogerwithyou.
判断改错(注:先显示题,再显示,横线;用不同的颜色表示出。)
(错)ThisisthemountainvillagewhereIvisitedlastyear.
(错)IwillnrforgetthedayswhenIspentinthecountryside.
(对)Thisisthemountainvillage(which)Ivisitedlastyear.
(对)I'llnrforgetthedays(which)Ispentinthecountryside.
习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词where,when联系在一起。此两题错在关系词的.误用上。
方法二:准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主、谓、宾、定、状),也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。
例1.Isthiuseum___youvisitedafewdaysage?
A.whereB.thatC.onwhichD.theone
例2.Isthisthemuseum____theexhibitionwasheld.
A.whereB.thatC.onwhichD.theone
:例1D,例2A
例1变为肯定句:Thiuseumis___youvisitedafewdaysago.
例2变为肯定句:Thisisthemuseum___theexhibitionwasheld.
在句1中,所缺部分为宾语,而where,that,onwhich都不能起到宾语的作用,只有theone既做了主句的表语,又可做从句的宾语,可以省略关系代词,所以应选D。
而句2中,主、谓、宾俱全,从句部分为句子的状语表地点,既可用副词where,又因inthemuseum词组,可用介词in+which地点状语。而此题中,介词on用的不对,所以选A。
关系词的选择依据在从句中所做的成分,先行词在从句中作主、定、宾语时,选择关系代词(who,who介词短语作表语时放在连系动词之后;m,that,which,whose);先行词在从句中做状语时,应选择关系副词(where地点状语,when时间状语,why原因状语)。
二、限制性和非限制性定语从句
Thisisthehousewhichweboughtlastmonth.这是我们上个月买的那幢房子。(限制性)
Thehouse,whichweboughtlastmonth,isveryn.这幢房子很漂亮,是我们上个月买的。(非限制性)
2)当先行词是专有名词或物主代词和指示代词所修饰时,其后的定语从句通常是非限制性的,例如:
Myhouse,whichIboughtlastyear,hasgotalovelygarden.我去年买的的那幢房子带着个漂亮的花园。
Thisnovel,whichIhereadthreetimes,isverytouching.这本很动人,我已经读了三遍。
3)非限制性定语从句还能将整个主句作为先行词,对其进行修饰,这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数,例如:
HeseemsnottohegraspedwhatImeant,whichgreatlyupsete.他似乎没抓住我的意思,这使我心烦。
Liquidwaterchangestovapor,whichiscalledevaporation.液态水变为蒸汽,这就叫做蒸发。
说明:关系代词that和关系副词why不能非限制性定语从句。
三、介词+关系词
1)介词后面的关系词不能省略。
2)that前不能有介词。
3)某些在从句中充当时间,地点或原因状语的"介词+关系词"结构可以同关系副词when和where互换。
ThisisthehouseinwhichIlivedtwoyearsago.
ThisisthehousewhereIlivedtwoyearsago.
Doyourememberthedayonwhichyoujoinedourclub?
Doyourememberthedaywhenyoujoinedourclub?
四、as,which非限定性定语从句
由as,which的非限定性定语从句,as和which可代整个主句,相当于andthis或andthat。As一般放在句首,which在句中。
Asweknow,okingisharmfultoone'shealth.
Thesunheatstheearth,whichisveryimportanttous.
英语语法高中的
W(4) 在以单短元音的重读闭音节结尾且,末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词后,双写一个辅音字母,再加-ed。如:plan—planned, refer—referred, regret—regretted, ban—banned.H都是非谓语动词的考法。。。
一 打破记录主动 并且过去打破的 所以C
二 escape doing 固定搭配 因为被动 所以D
三 对蔬菜的更大需求驱使农民们建大棚种菜 种菜对于农民是主动的 所以B不选 过去种的所以A
高中英语的语法问题!!!
首先,He是主语,was told是动作,被告诉,是谓语部分,后面的that一大块是他被告诉的内容,是宾语部分,所以这个that后面一大块是宾语从句。
怎么判断一个从句,我觉得可以这样:按我以上说的判断句子的成分(即区分主谓宾定状补),以你的这句话为例,这里呢,was told 谓语后面的即为它的宾语,但你看这个宾语也能作为一个的句子。
而且我觉得是:B,而不是A.。因为 he could recover and return to work 它在这里是虚(省掉九个词,句子简洁了许多)拟语句,是对将来事情的设,when主要是用在过去时和进行时的。
应该选B before
He was told that...这是被动语态,也是宾语从句没错
现在看从句,that 后面的一个句子:
it would be at least three more months____ he could recover and return to work
这里,
it would be at least three more months 是一个完整的句子
he could recover and return to work 又是一个完整的句子
如果months后面是一个同位语从句或定语从句得话,从句应该起到强调和修饰的作用,但是这里并不是,而是很明显,前后两个句子是没有从属关系的,它们是的两个句子放在一起构成的一个复合句,所以考虑用连词before
必然选 before 的时间状语从句
意思是 他被告知 至少要3个多月 他才能恢复并工作
原因是 "过XX时间 才……"的句式 用before
为什么不是定语从句?
从句中句子成分完整(如果是定语从句 months必须 在从句里充当 主语或宾语)
为什么不是同位语从句?
同位语从句的先行词都是名词,但不是任何名词,month 绝大部分情况下肯定不是,他们是news,idea,fact,promise,question,doubt之类,因为你的从句是对这个先行词的一个解释,(你可以找一个现成的来看看),而后面的“他能康复返回工作”并Only when he told me did I realize what trouble I was in.不是对month的一个解释!
英语基础语法知识总结
CharlesSmith,whowayformerteacher,retiredlastyear.查理史密斯去年退休了,他曾经是我的老师。英语基础语法知识总结
英语必备语法知识
一、过去完成进行时
1.概念:表示某个正在进行的动作或状态,持续到过去某个时刻,还未完成,一直持续到之后的当前才结束。
2.基本结构:主语+ had + been + doing +其它
3.例子:She had been suffering from a bad cold when she took the exam.她在考试之前一直患重感冒。 Had they been expecting the news for some time?他们期待这个消息有一段时间了吧?
4.特殊含义:①尚未完成:He had been writing the novel.他已经在写了。(他没写完)
②企图:He had been studying the meaning of this proverb.他曾经学习过这个谚语。(他曾努力学习过它) ③未得结果:We had been studying what our enemy had said.我们一直致力于敌人所说的。(但是我们没有理解) ④近情况:He had been quarrelling with his wife.他和他的妻子吵了一场架。(近)
⑤反复动作:He had been asking me the same question.他一直问我相同的问题。(屡次)
⑥情绪:What had he been doing?他做了什么?(不耐烦)
二、 将来完成进行时
1.概念:表示动作从某一时间开始一直延续到将来某一时间。是否继续下去,要视上下文而定。
2.基本结构:shall/will he been doing
3.例子:I shall he been working here in this factory for twenty years by the end of the year.到今年年底,我将在这个工厂工作20年了。
If we don't hurry up the store will he been closing before we get there. 咱们如不快一点儿,等我们到了那儿,店门就会关了。
英语重要语法知识
介 词
一、介词的主要用法:介词是一种虚词,不能使用。介词之后一般有名词或代词(宾格)..或相当于名词的其他词类、短语或从句作它的宾语,即构成介词短语。有些介词是由两个以上的词构成的短语介词,
如:out of(从…中出来)because of(因为)away from(距离…),
on top of(在…顶上)r since(自从…)next to(在…隔壁),
according to(根据…) in front of(在…前方)等。
二、介词短语的句法作用:
介词短语相当于一个形容词或副词,可用作状语、定语和表语。
如:The man came .(状)(那个人走下楼来)
The woman is from the countryside.
(定)(头上戴花的妇女来自乡下)
The teacher is now with the pupils.
(表)(老师现在和学生在一起)
三、介词短语在句子中的位置:
介词短语做状语时,如果表示时间/地点,可以放在句首或句尾,
如果表示方向/方式/伴随/涉及/原因/目的/比较,一般放在句尾;
介词短语作定语时,只能放在被修饰的名词之后。
如:He wanted to find a good jobin Shanghai the next year.
(状语)(他想来年在上海找份好工作) They searched the roomfor the thief.(他们在房间里搜索小偷)
The letters are for you.(表语)(信是给你的)
He you seen a cat with a black head and four white legs?
(定语)(你看见一只黑头白腿的猫了吗?)
英语语法知识要点
一、主语
1、名词、代词(人称代词用主格)、动词不定式、动名词等充当,说明动作是“谁”发出的。
如:The painter painted a very n picture. (画家画了一幅漂亮的画。)
They fought against brely. (他们勇敢地与非典搏斗。)
To see is to beli.(耳听为虚眼见为实).
Helping animals is to people. (帮助动物就是帮助人类。)
2、动词不定式或动名词做主语时可用it代替,而不定式或动名词移至表语或宾语之后。
如:It is very comfortable to he a Class A seat during the long journey.
(在长途旅行中能有个甲等座位简直太舒服了。) Eating too much is bad for your health.(=It is bad for your health eating too much.) (吃得太多对你的身体不利。)
3、口语中常见主语或“主--系”省略: (It is) nothing. ((那)没有什么。) (It) doesn’t matter. ((那)没有关系。) (I) thank you. ((我)谢谢你。)
4、反意问句的附加问句,主语必须是代词:
The man 以前我一直觉得语法好复杂,好难懂。后来报了个ABC天下,有外教直接面对面教学,成绩一下就提上来了。looks worried,doesn’the? (这个人看上去很着急不是吗?)
Tigers are erous animals, aren’t they? (老虎是危险的动物不是吗?)
5、祈使句一般省略主语。加主语时往往用来指定某个人。
Keep the keyboards clean, children. (孩子们请保持键盘的清洁。) (省略了主语) You go there and fetch me a glass of water. (你去给我弄一杯水来。)
6、主语一般在句首,但在问句中会处于第二位和句尾;倒装句及there be句型主语在动词之后。
如:Comrs are made in this factory. (计算机生产于这家工厂。)
Where are they? (他们在哪儿?)
Does the boy like staying home? (这个男孩喜欢呆在家里吗?)
7、主语与谓语必须保持单、复数的一致, 而谓语与表语或宾语之间没有这一要求。
Neither Jim nor Rosehas passed the exam. (Jim和Rose都没有通过考试。)
The Chinese peopleare a hardworking and bre people.
(中华民族是一个勤劳勇敢的民族。)
8、主语可以由从句充当,详见“主语从句”。
拓展: 初高中基础英语语法知识
一、词 法
1、名词
可数名词指表示的人或事物可以用数来计量,它有单数与复数两种形式。不可数名词指所表示的事物不能用数来计量。物质名词与抽象名词一般无法用数目来统计,都称为不可数名词。
不可数名词前一般不能用冠词a、an来表示数量,没有复数形式。要表示“一个……”这一概念,就须加a piece of这一类短语。要注意许多名词在汉语里看来是可数名词,在英语里却不可数。如:chalk,,bread,r,grass,news等。
(2)名词复数的规则变化
A.一般情况下加-s。
B.以s, x, ch, sh, 结尾的加-es。
C.以辅音字母加y结尾的改y为i再加-es。
D.以f,fe结尾的.,去掉f或fe,变成v再加-es。
(3)名词的所有格
A. 单数名词词尾加’s,复数名词词尾若没有s,也要加’s。
如:the worker’ s bike,the Children’ s ball
B. 表示几个人共有一样东西,只需在一个人的名字后加’ s若表示各自所有,则需在各个名字后加’ s。
如: This is Lucy and Lily’ s room.
These are Kate’ s and jack’ s rooms.
C. 如果是通过在词尾加-s构成的复数形式的名词,只加’。
如:the students’ books,the girls’ blouses
(另外:如果名词是有生命的,我们就用’s结构来表示所有关系。如果名词所表示的事物是无生命的,我们就要用名词+of+名词的结构来表示所有关系。)
2、代词
人称代词,物主代词,反身代词,指示代词,不定代词
(1)人称代词
人称单数
I me my mine myself
复数 we us our ours ourselves
第二人称
单数 you you your yours yourself
复数 you you your yours yourselves
第三人称
单数 he him his his himself
she her her hers herself
it it its its itself
复数 they them their theirs themselves
(2)物主代词
物主代词的用法:形容词性物主代词后面一定要跟一个名词;
名词性物主代词可作主语、表语、宾语。
(3)反身代词
反身代词的构成分两种:、二人称反身代词在形容词性物主代词后加上self或selves,第三人称的反身代词在宾格代词后加上self或selves.
反身代词的用法:一种是作宾语,由主语发出的动作又回到动作者本身。如:I enjoyed myself at the party. 另一种是作名词或代词的同位语;用来加强语气。如:I can do it myself.
(4)指示代词
指示代词的特殊用法:
(1)为了避免重复,可用that,those代替前面提到过的名词,但是this,these不可以。
(2)this,that有时可代替句子或句子中的一部分。
(5)不定代词
one,some,any,other,another,all,both,each,neither,many,much等。
3、冠词
(1)不定冠词an用在元音读音开头(不是指元音字母)的词前,其余用不定冠词a。
(2)定冠词的基本用法
A. 用在重新提到的人或事物前面。
B. 指谈话双方都知道的人或事物前面。
C. 用在单数可数名词前面,表示某一类人或事物。
(3)定冠词的特殊用法
A. 用在世界上的事物或方位名词前。
B. 用在序数词、形容词的及only所修饰的名词前。
C. 用在江河、海洋、山脉、湖泊、群岛的名称前面。
D. 用在由普通名词和另外一些词所构成的专有名词前面。
E. 用在姓氏的复数形式前面,表示全家人或这一姓的夫妇二人。
F. 用在乐器名称前。
G. 和某些形容词连用,表示某一类人或事物。
(4)名词前不用冠词的情况
A. 在专有名词 (包括人名、地名、节日、月份、季节) 、物质名词和抽象名词前一般不用冠词。但在以festival组成的民间节日前要加the。
B. 表示一类人或事物的复数名词前。
C. 名词前有物主代词、指示代词、不定代词或名词所有格修饰时,不用冠词。
D. 三餐饭、球类、棋类、游戏名称前一般不用冠词。在有些词组中,有无冠词含义不同。
(sit) at table就餐; sit at the table坐在桌边
go to school去上学;go to the school去那所学校;in hospital住院;in the hospital在那个医院里
4、数词
三位数数词要在百位和十位(若无十位则和个位)之间加and。
1,000以上的数字,从后向前第三位数加一个“,”,个“,”前为thousand,第二个“,”前为million,第三个“,”前为billion。
(2)序数词除了first,second,third外,其余都在基数词尾加-th构成。
(4)dreds(thousands,millions)of…
5、形容词、副词
(1)形容词的位置
A. 形容词作定语一般要放在名词前面,但当形容词修饰不定代词soming,nothing,anything时要放在所修饰的不定代词之后。如:soming important,nothing serious。
B. 当形容词带有表示度量的词或词组作定语或表语时,定语或表语要后置。如:
We he dug a hole two meters deep.
The hole is about two metres deep.
(2)形容词的比较等级
单音节词和少数双音节词,在词尾加-(e)r,-(e)st来构成比较级和。其他双音节词和多音节词,在前面加more,most来构成比较级和。如:
popular—more popular—most popular
important—more important—most important
(3)副词的比较等级
单音节副词和个别双音节副词通过加-er,-est来构成比较级和。绝大多数副词借助more,most来构成比较级和。
(4)少数形容词和副词比较级/的不规则变化:
原级 比较级
well —— better —— best
badly —— worse —— worst
much —— more —— most
little —— less —— least
far —— farther —— farthest
farthest furthest
late —— later —— latest
(5)副词的前面可以不加定冠词the。
6、介词
(1)表示时间的介词及介词短语
in, at, on, before,after,till,since,for, from…to, until, by,in the middle of,at the beginning of, at the end of,at half past five,at night,in a week,in the morning,in class,at sunrise, in spring / summer / autumn /winter,on Sunday,on Saturday afternoon,on a winter ning,for a long time,for two months,after school,since liberation,before lunch,at the time of,at the age of
(2)表示地点的介词及介词短语
in,at,into,to,on,beside,before,behind,above,under, outside,inside,up,from,far,near,across,off, down, among, past,between,out of,around,in the front of, in the middle of, at the back of,at the foot of,at home,at the gate,at the table,in the sky, on the ground,in a tree, in the south,in the sun,in the bed,on one’s way home,by the side of
二、八种基本时态
1、一般现在时
概念: 表示经常发生的动作或经常存在的状态。
常和 always , often , usually , sometimes , ry day 等表时间的状语连用。如:
1) I go to school ry day. 我每天都去学校。(表经常)
2) He is always like that. 他总是那样。 (表状态)
构成:
1) 主语 + be (am / are / is ) +……
2) 主语 + 实义动词/三单动词 + …
2、一般过去时
概念:
1) 表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态 , 常和表示过去的时间状语连用。如: yesterday , last week , in 1998 , two days ago等.
如: I went to a movie yesterday. 我昨天去看了一场电影。
2) 也可表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。
如: He always went to work by bike last week.
构成:
1) 主语 + be (was / were ) +……
2) 主语 + 实义动词过去式 +……
3、现在进行时
概念: 表示现在(说话瞬间)正在进行或发生的动作。如:
He is singing.
They are watching TV now.
构成: 主语 + 助动词be(am/are/is) + 动词-ing形式构成。
4、过去进行时
概念: 表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作。这一特定的过去时间除了有上下文暗示外,一般用时间状语来表示。
如:
1) ---What were you doing?
---I was jumping.
2) ---What was the boy doing when the UFO arrived?
---He was sleeping.
构成: 主语 + 助动词be(was/were) + 动词-ing形式构成。
5、一般将来时
概念: 表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态,也表示将来经常或反复发生的动作,常与表示将来的时间状语连用,如: tomorrow, next week, next year, in the future等。如:
He will go shopping tomorrow.
构成:
1) 主语 + 助动词will + 动原 +……
2) 主语 + be going to + 动原 + ……
6、过去将来时
概念: 表示在过去将来的某一时间发生的动作或存在的状态。
构成:
1) 主语(人称) + 助动词should + 动原 +……
2) 主语 + would + 动原 + ……
3) 主语 + was/ were going to +动原……
用法: 过去将来时除了上下文暗示外,一般常用在间接引语中,主句谓语动词为过去时态。如:
1) I should go.
2) You knew I would come.
3) They were going to Nanjing.
7、现在完成时
构成: 主语 + 助动词 ( he / has ) + 动词过去分词 +……
用法例句表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
---He you had your lunch yet?
8、过去完成时
构成: 主语 + 助动词 had + 动词过去分词 +……
例句表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作。它表示的动作发生的时间是”过去的过去”.表示过去某一时间可用by,before 等构成的短语,也可用when, before, 等的从句或者通过上下文表示。
I had finished my homework when my mom came back home.
三、三种基本从句
从句的共同特点:
从句是指在一个句子中充当一个成分的句子,充当什么成分就叫什么从句,如:充当宾语就叫宾语从句,充当定语成分就叫定语从句。
从以上定义中我们可以得出关于从句的一个特点:从句是句子。
从句的共同特点:
1.从句都有自己的连接词
2.从句都是陈述语序(陈述语序就是主语在前,谓语在后,如:He is a teacher主语 He 在谓语is之前,因此是陈述语序,而Is he a teacher? 主语 He 在谓语is之后,因此不是陈述语序。)
1、宾语从句
宾语从句是指在一个句子中充当宾语的句子,如:
He said that he wanted to be a teacher when he grew up.
宾语从句的特点:
①宾语从句有自己的连接词
②宾语从句用陈述语序
③宾语从句的时态
(1)宾语从句的连接词:
宾语从句的连接词包括that、if/wher(是否)、特殊疑问词。
(2)宾语从句的语序:
A. 宾语从句的连接词后加陈述语序(主语在前,谓语在后),如:
I want to know if he can come tomorrow.
B. 当连接词本身又是宾语从句的主语时,后面直接加谓语动词,如:She asked me who had ed him.
(3)宾语从句的时态,只要记住以下口诀就可以了“主现则从任,主过则从过,客观真理一般现”
A. 主现则从任:主句如果是一般现在时,则从句根据时间状语需要从八种时态中任选一种,如:1.He ls me he likes English very much.(一般现在时)。
B. 主过则从过:主句如果是一般过去时,则从句根据时间状语需要从四种带“过”字的时态中任选一种,带“过”字的时态分别是:一般过去时,过去进行时,过去将来时,过去完成时。
如:He told me that he liked playing football(一般过去时)
C. 客观真理一般现:客观真理永远用一般现在时。
如:He says the moon goes around the earth.
2、状语从句
(1)时间状语从句:在一个句子中作时间状语的句子。
时间状语的连接词:when(当…时候) while(当…时候) as(当…时候) after(在…以后) before(在…以前) as soon as(一…就) since(自从…到现在) till /until(直到…才) by the time(到…为止)依旧是连接词后加陈述语序。
举例:when当…的时候(一般情况下主句是将来时的时候,从句要用一般现在时。)
Mozart started writing music when he was four years old.
(2)原因状语从句:在一个句子中作原因状语的句子。
连接词:由连词because, since, as, 也可由for, now that 等词。
举例:I didn’t go to school yesterday because I was ill.
(3)条件状语从句:在一个句子中作条件状语的句子。
连接词:if如果, unless (=if not) 除非(让步)
举例:If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will go hiking.
(4)目的、结果状语从句
目的状语从句是指在一个句子中充当目的状语的句子。
结果状语从句是指在一个句子中充当结果状语的句子
目的状语从句连接词so that, so…that , in order that 。
结果状语从句连接词 so…that, such…that, so much/many…that。
举例:so…that 如此…以至于
The scientist’s report was so instructive that we were all very excited.
(5)让步状语从句
让步状语从句是指在句子中作让步的状语的句子
连接词: though, although.,wher…or not
举例:Although he is rich, yet he is not happy.
3.no matter从句
结构:"no matter +特殊疑问词+陈述语序" 或"特殊疑问词+后缀r+陈述语序"
如:No matter what happened, he would not mind.
注意:no matter 不能主语从句和宾语从句。
3、定语从句
定语是指在句子中用来修饰名词、代词的成分。
如:I will give my teacher a bunch of beautiful flowers.(beautiful是定语)
定语从句是指在一个句子中作定语的句子,定语从句要放在所修饰的词后。如:
I he met the doctor who is in the No.1 hospital.
连接代词:who,which,whom,whose,that
连接副词:when,where,why
高二英语必修书的语法知识点总结
我们都知道,任何语言的学习,起初都是语法的学习还有词汇的积累,再应用的过程。这是铁定的事实。在进入这个话题之前,我们必须首先明确 英语学习 的态度。积极的态度能取得事半功倍的效果。以下是我给大家整理的 高二英语 必修书的语法知识点 总结 ,希望大家能够喜欢!
高二英语必修书的语法知识点总结1
1. 一般过去时的定义
一般过去时表示过去某一时候或某一段时间所发生了的事情或存在的状态。常与过去时间yesterday, this morning, just now, a moment ago, in May, last night / year / week, once upon a time, the other day, before …, when – clause, in the past连用。如:
What did you do yesterday? 昨天你干了什么?
I met Lin Tao this morning. 今天上午我会到了林涛。
I was there a moment ago. 刚才我在那儿。
2. 一般过去时的应用
Liu Ying was in America last year. 刘英去年在美国。
Jim rang you just now. 吉姆刚才给你打了电话。
(2) 表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。常接时间副词often, usually, always, sometimes, ry day / week, etc. 如:
We often went out for a walk after supper. 我们过去常在晚饭后散步。
We usually played toger. 我们通常一起玩。
3. 一般过去时对谓语动词的要求
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一般过去时的谓语动词要用动词的过去式。动词过去式的构成分规则变化和不规则变化两种形式,不规则变化通常需要逐个记忆,规则变化则遵循以下原则:
(1) 一般在动词后加-ed。如:play—played, offer—offered, weigh—weighed, destroy— destroyed, sign—signed.
(2) 在以字母e结尾的动词后,只加-d。如:like—liked, provide—provided, hate — hated, date—dated。
(3) 在以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词后,则改y为i,再加—ed。如:supply—supplied, fly—flied, study— studied.
4. 特别说明
有些动词的过去时,如:expect, hope, intend, plan, wanted 等一般过去时,后接不定式的完成时;或它们的过去完成时接不定式的一般式,都可表示过去未曾实现的意图、打算或希望。如:
I hoped to he been invited to his wedding party. —I had hoped to be invited to his wedding ceremony. 我本希望他来邀请我参加他的婚礼。
I intended to he joined their s. —I had intended to join their s. 我本打算参加他们的比赛。
高二英语必修书的语法知识点总结2
1 系动词
系动词亦称联系动词(Link Verb),作为系动词,它本身有词义,但不能单独用作谓语,后边必须跟表语(亦称补语),构成系表结构说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况。说明:有些系动词又是实义动词,该动词表达实义时,有词义,可单独作谓语。例如:
He fell ill yesterday. 他昨天病了。(fell是系动词,后跟补足语,说明主语情况。)
He fell off the ladder. 他从上摔下来。fell是实义动词,单独作谓语。
1)状态系动词
用来表示主语状态,只有be一词。例如:
He is a teacher.他是一名教师。(is与补足语一起说明主语的身份。)
2)持续系动词
用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度,主要有keep, rest, remain, stay, lie, stand。例如:
He always kept silent at meeting. 他开会时总保持沉默。
This matter rests a mystery. 此事仍是一个谜。
3)表像系动词
用来表示"看起来像"这一概念,主要有seem, appear, look。例如:
He looks tired. 他看起来很累。
He seems (to be) very sad. 他看起来很伤心。
4)感官系动词
感官系动词主要有feel, ell, sound, taste。 例如:
This kind of cloth feels very soft. 这种布手感很软。
This flower ells very sweet. 这朵花闻起来很香。
5)变化系动词
这些系动词表示主语变成什么样,变化系动词主要有become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run。例如:
He became mad after that. 自那之后,他疯了。
She grew rich within a short time. 她没多长时间就富了。(安通学校提供)
6)终止系动词
表示主语已终止动作,主要有prove, turn out, 表达"证实","变成"之意。例如:
The rumor proved false.这谣言证实有。
The search proved difficult.搜查证实很难。
His plan turned out a success. 他的终于成功了。(turn out表终止性结果)
2 助动词
1)协助主要动词构成谓语动词的词叫助动词。被协助的动词称作主要动词。助动词自身没有词义,不可单独使用。例如:
He doesn′t like English.他不喜欢英语。
(doesn′t是助动词,无词义;like是主要动词,有词义)
2) 助动词协助主要动词完成以下功用,可以用来:
a. 表示时态。例如:
He is singing.他在 唱歌 。(安通学校提供)
He has got married.他已结婚。
He was sent to England.他被派往英国。
c. 构成疑问句。例如:
Do you like college life?你喜欢大学生活吗?
Did you study English before you came here?你来这儿之前学过英语吗?
d. 与否定副词not合用,构成否定句。例如:
I don′t like him. 我不喜欢他。
e. 加强语气。例如:
Do come to the party tomorrow ning. 明天晚上一定来参加晚会。
He did know that. 他的确知道那件事。
3) 常用的助动词有:be, he, do, shall, will, should, would等。
3 助动词be的用法
1) be +现在分词,构成进行时态。例如:
They are hing a meeting.他们正在开会。
2)be + 过去分词,构成被动语态。例如:
The window was broken by Tom..窗户是汤姆打碎的。
高二英语必修书的语法知识点总结3
一、过去分词
过去分词兼有动词、副词和形容词的特征,可以带宾语或受状语修饰。过去分词和宾语或状语一起构成过去分词 短语 。它在句中可以作定语、表语、宾语补足语或状语。这节课讲解作定语、表语的用法。
1. 作定语
作定语的过去分词如果是单词,一般放在被修饰词的前面;过去分词短语作定语,一般放在被修饰词的后面。例如:
There are many fallen lees on the ground.
This is a book written by a worker.
2. 作表语
过去分词作表语,多表示主语所处的状态。
I was pleased at the news.
The door remained locked.
过去分词作表语,相当于形容词,常见的有:delighted, disappointed, astonished, interested, satisfied, surprised, tired, worried, excited, married 等。
过去分词作表语时,应注意与被动结构的区别。系表结构说明主语的状态或具有的性质、特点;被动结构强调谓语动作。
The all village is surrounded by trees.(状态)
The all village was soon surrounded by enemy soldiers.(动作)
I'm interested in chess.(状态)
3. 过去分词做状语
①表时间,相当于一个时间状语从句,有时过去分词前可加连词 when 或 while 来强调时间概念。
Seen from the top of the hill, the city looked like a big garden.
Accepted by the Party, he decided to devote his life to the cause of the Party.
②表原因,相当于一个原因状语从句。
Exhausted, the children fell asleep at once.
Encouraged by the speech, the young people made up their minds to take up the struggle.
③表条件,相当于一个条件状语从句,有时过去分词前可用 if 等词
Heated, water changes into steam.
Given another chance, he will do better.
④表让步,相当于一个though/although的让步状语从句。
Laughed at by many people, he continued his study.
⑤表伴随,说明动作发生的背景或情况。
Surrounded by a group of pupils, the old teacher walked into the classroom.
The trainer appeared, followed by five little dogs.
倒装句:
一、here, there, now, then, thus 等副词置于句首, 谓语动词常用 be, come, go, lie, run。
There goes the bell. 响了。
Then came the chairman. _来了。
Here is your letter. 你的信。
二、否定词置于句首, 句子 应进行倒装。 neither 放句首
Tod can't swim, neither can I. 托德不会 游泳 ,我也不会。
用于 nr, hardly, seldom, scarcely, barely, little, often, at no time, not only, not once, many a time 等词开头的句子。
Nr shall I go there again. 我再也不去那了。
Little did he know who the woman was.他基本上不知道那女人是谁。
用于 no sooner ... than ..., hardly... when... 和 not until... 的句型中
Hardly had I reached the station when the train left. 我刚到车站,火车就离开了。
No sooner had she gone out than the phone rang. 她刚离开,电话就响了。
Not until the teacher came did he finish his homework. 直到老师来,他才完成作业。
三、用于 only 放句首,修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句的句子。
Only in this way can you English well. 只有这种 方法 ,你才能学好英语。
Only that time did he do his homework. 直到哪个时间,他才做作业。
省略句:
一、省略的目的
省略多见于非正式文体,尤其在对话中,省略是一种普遍的现象。英语中的省略一般说来有三个目的:
1.避免重复,减少累赘。省略的主要目的是避免重复,去掉不必要的累赘和繁琐。
Mike said that he would come to school to see me the next day, but he didn't come to school to see me the next day.
Mike said that he would come to school to see me the next day, but he didn't.
2.连接紧密,结构紧凑 省略也是使上下文紧密连接的一种修辞手段。
John was the winner in 1994 and Bob in 1998.(Bob 后省略了 was the winner,句子结构显得比较紧凑)
3.强调重点,突出信息 省略的另一作用是突出新的信息
Truth speaks too low, hypocrisy too loud.后一分句省略谓语 speaks,突出了 too loud)
二、句子成分的省略
为了避免重复,或者为了使某一内容引人注目,可以省略某些句子成分而保持句子原意不变。
1.省略主语
Beg your pardon.请你原谅。(= I beg your pardon.))
Serves yoight. 你活该(= It serves yoight.)
2.省略谓语
The river was deep and the thin. 河很深,冰很薄。
(= The river was deep and the was thin.)
3.省略表语
Are yoeady? Yes,I am.(am 后面省略了表语 ready)
4.省略宾语
We he to yze and solve problems. (yze 后省略了宾语 problems)
Let's do the dishes. I'll wash and you'll dry.(wash 和 dry 后面省略了宾语 dishes)
5.省略定语
He spent part of the money, and the rest he sed.(the rest 后面省略了定语 of the money)
6.省略状语
(Even)The wisest man cannot know rything.
省略在句子中的应用
在一个句子中,省略可分为依赖上下文省略和不依赖上下文省略两种。前者省略的部分可在句子中找到,但后者可能找不到。
1.简单句中的省略
依赖上下文的省略在对话中为常用。
Like more beer?(= Would you like more beer?)
—World you mind if I used your ephone?
—Not at all. 一点也不。
(= I do not mind at all.)
—Will he pass this examination?
Probably. 大概会的。(= He will probably pass the examination.)
不依赖于上下文的省略。
All aboard! 请上船(= All go aboard.省略谓语)
Hen't seen you for ages!(省略主语 I)
What about hing a of chess?
Sounds like a good idea.
2.并列句中的省略
(=It sounds like a good idea. 省略主语)
Everybody appears well prepared.
(= Everybady appears to be well prepared. 省略不定式 to be)
并列句中如果前后分句有相同的部分,常常可以省略掉,以避免重复。通常被省略的可以是主语、谓语、宾语或其他万分,或句子万分的一部分。
省略出现在后一分句
John likes collecting stamps but (John) hates listening to music.(省略主语)
省略出现在前一分句
We can (win tomorrow's match), and certainly will,win tomorrow's match.
我们能够,而且一定会在明天的比赛中获胜。(前一分句省略谓语 + 宾语)
前后两个分句都出现省略
They can (pay the full fee ) and (they)should pay the full fee.
复合句中的省略
在主从复合句中,活力的现象是很普遍的。
省略主句的句首部分。(I'm)Sorry I couldn't go.
省略整个主句或主句的一部分(回答问题时常用)。
(It is a)Pity he's failed.
If he says he'll come, he will(come).
3.在一些状语从句中,如果谓语动词是 be,主语又和主句的主语一致,或者主语是 it,常常可以把从句中的主语和 be 省略掉。
以 when, while, once, until 等连词的时间状语从句。
When (you are) in Rome do as Rome does.入国问禁,入乡随俗。
4.在比较从句中通常把和主句重复的部分省掉。
省略谓语的全部
James enjoys the theeartre more than Susun.
Tom has as many books as Jack.
省略主语和谓语的一部分
Brown speaks French as fluently as English. (as 后省略了 he speaks)省略表语部分
Mrs White is not so young as she looks.(looks 后省略了 young)
省略主语和谓语的大部分,保留状语
He is working harder than before.(than 后省略了 he worked hard)
省略主语
He drank a little more than was good for him.(than 后省略了 it)省略宾语
You spent more money(1)名词的可数与不可数 than I had expected.(expected 后省略了that you should spend)
省略从句的全部
You are getting slimmer. simmer 后省略了than you were before)
主句和从句中可同时省略一些成分。
The sooner (this is done), the better(it will be).
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英语语法 高中
English is becoming more and more important. 英语现在越来越重要。(安通学校提供)c 宾语从句。
Seldom was he late for class.他很少上学迟到。为C.whatr。
whatr“无论怎样的”,宾语从句并在其中作language 之定语,whatr language 一起作learn之宾语。
选C
你必须记住,无论你学那种语言,它早晚会对你有用的。
全句意思:你要记得你究竟要学什么语言
r 前置表示强调
C whatr, adj.任何
A/B 加that后面应该是一个句子。
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